Class 10 Chaper 1 Internet

Very Short Answer Questions

Expand the Following abbreviations

1. ARPANET   -   Advance Research Projects Agency Network
2. DARPA        -   Department of Defense Advance Research Projects Agency
3. TCP/IP         -   Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol
4. WWW          -   World wild Web
5. HTTP           -    Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
6. FTP              -    File Transfer Protocol
7. LAN             -    Local Area Network
8. URL             -    Uniform Resource Locator
9. HTML         -     Hyper Text Markup Language
10. SGML         -     standard Generalised Markup Language

Long Answer Questions


Q1. Read the following paragraph. Find five network and communication related abbreviations and give their expanded forms along with a one-line definition for each of them:

RBI is planning to expand its connectivity with all major banks of India. The plan includes providing TCP connectivity through HTTP for easy access points and seeking help from some ISPs to join hands in this venture. Also, there is a plan to setup IIS and SMTP servers. Some banks will go for DSL line, while others will use leased line connectivity to access these services. RBI is also taking the help of IIT professors in this venture.

Ans: Different communication terms are as follows:

TCP: The full form of TCP is Transmission Control Protocol. TCP is responsible for the formation of packets and delivery of the packets to destination computer.

HTTP: Hyper Text Transfer Protocol is standard set of rules that is used to access web pages found in the web server.

IIS: Internet Information Server is a web server provide by Microsoft.

SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is used to send and receive mail form client to server and vice- versa.

DSL: Digital Subscriber Line is a technology for bringing high bandwidth information over ordinary copper telephone lines.


Q2. Shravan Joshi is a student of Political Science and is a keen researcher of Political issues related to various countries and states. He wants to share his research and his opinions on these issues on a day-to-day basis with everyone on World Wide Web. He is also interested in collecting views of others to enhance his research and knowledge related to his area of interest. He belongs to a middle class family and cannot afford his own website. Being a non-technical person, he cannot create a dynamic website to deal with day-to-day inputs either.

(a) Suggest an easy way for Shravan to achieve his goals.
(b) Name the two popularly used (and free) services that can help Shravan.

Ans:
A) Shravan should develop a blog, because it’s free and there is no technical knowledge require to create it.
B) Twitter and Blogger from Google.

Q3. As life gets busier, it becomes difficult to stay in touch with school and college friends, old neighbours and favourite teachers. It is important to keep in touch with all your near and dear ones. Sometimes, people sitting miles away doing a similar activity or solving similar kind of problems can help you achieve your goals faster by sharing their experiences. Similarly, people belonging to different socio-economic backgrounds can change your perspective and enhance your understanding of various cultures.

a) Suggest the real time toots that are suitable for the above mentioned activities
b) What is the generic name used for such tools?
Ans:
a) Facebook and Twitter
b) Social Networking

Q4. Laleema Chkradhar wants a broadband connection to access mails and stay updates with the latest happenings in the field of Biotechnology. Can you suggest two internet Service Providers that can be approached for the same?

Ans: Airtel and VSNL

Q5. Identify domain names(s) and URL(s) from the following list:

a) yoga@yoga.com
b) doYogaEveryday.com
c) www.doyogaeverydau.com/old/index.html
d) www.performingarts_schools.org/backlink.htm
e) 192.287.3.5
f) http://cbse.nic.in

Ans:

a) Email Address

b) Domain Name

c) URL

d) URL

e) IP Address

f) Domain Name

Q6. Anila works in a multinational company and needs to work online from home also. She therefore requires a fast Internet connection. Which type of Internet connection would be best suited for her? Apart from browsing, she would also need to upload and download files to/from remote sites. Which protocol will help her perform this activity?

Ans: Type of Internet connection she would uses are Broadband or ADSL line

The protocol used for uploading and downloading file from remote sites is FTP (File Transfer Protocol).

Q7. Explain the terms URL and ISP in brief. Give one example for each.

Ans:

1. URL is a web address. Uniform resource Locator is the global address of documents or web pages.

2. ISP -> Internet service Provider is any company that provides Internet services, including personal and business access to the Internet.

Chapter One Class VII

Chapter  One

Computer Networks

Answer the Questions

Q1. Define a computer network. List its three advantages and disadvantages.

Ans: It is an interconnected system of two or more computers and other hardware devices by some communication channel.

Three advantages of computer network are:

•             Speed
•             Information sharing
•             Cost effective

Three disadvantages of computer network are:

•             Security issues
•             Dependency on server
•             Rapid spread of computer viruses

Q2. How is the Internet different from the intranet?

Internet It is the largest network that connects millions of computers worldwide to share information and services.

Intranet It is a private computer network owned by a company or an organization and is accessible only to its employees.

Q3. Explain different types of computer networks.

Ans: Four different types of computer networks are PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN.

•       PAN (Personal Area Network) is the smallest possible network intended for one person.
•        LAN (Local Area Network) is a network that covers a relatively small area such as residence, a building or a campus.
•        MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) is a network that is formed by connecting multiple LANs.
•        WAN (Wide Area Network) is a network that spans a large geographical area such as several cities or even countries.

Q4. What is meant by data transmission media? Differentiate between guided and unguided media.

Ans: Data transmission media refers to the medium used for transmitting data among the devices connected in a network. It can be guided or unguided.

Difference between guided and unguided media is

Guided Media A guided media is also called wired media provides a physical path between the communicating devise in a network Examples are: Twisted pair cable, Coaxial Cable, Fibre optic cable

Unguided Media An unguided media is also called wireless media is a type of transmission media that sends or receives the data through air or space. Examples are: Radio Waves, Microwaves, Infrared, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi

Q5. Define the network topology? Briefly describe the different types of topologies.

Ans: Network topology refers to the way in which the network components (cables, computers and other peripheral devices) are connected together in a network.

Different topologies are Bus, Star and Ring.

•        Bus topology: In this topology the computers and other devices are connected to a single cable called the bus or backbone.
•        Star topology: In this topology the workstations are not directly connected to each other, rather they are connected to a centralized network device known as hub or switch.
•        Ring topology: In this topology the computers and other devices are connected to each other in such a way that they form a closed loop or ring.

Q6. Write short notes on the following.

Modem, Hub, NIC

Ans:

Modem:  A modem (an acronym of modulator/demodulator) is a device that enables a computer to transmit data over telephone line. The job of a modem is to convert data from digital to analog format and vice versa.

Hub: A hub is a small rectangular device that connects multiple devices on a network so that they can communicate with one another.

NIC: The Network Interface Card, commonly referred to as Ethernet card, is a hardware device that enables a computer to connect to a network.

Sample Project file Plus 2 IP

Copy and Paste the following Pages in your project file and do the changes according to your needs

 Page -> 1

SMS (Student Management System)

A PROJECT REPORT

 

 

Submitted by

 

1.       Adasd

2.       Ssdfsdf

3.       sdfsdffd

 

Informatics Practices

IN

Plus Two

Delhi Public School, Amritsar.

March 2015 - 16

 Page -> 2

Acknowledgement

Apart from the efforts of me, the success of any project depends largely on the encouragement and guidelines of many others. I take this opportunity to express my gratitude to the people who have been instrumental in the successful completion of this project.

I would like to show my greatest appreciation to Prof. _______________. I can’t say thank you enough for his tremendous support and help. I feel motivated and encouraged every time I attend his meeting. Without his encouragement and guidance this project would not have materialized.

The guidance and support received from all the members who contributed and who are contributing to this project, was vital for the success of the project. I am grateful for their constant support and help.

 Page -> 3

CERTIFICATE

           

I hereby certify that the work which is being presented in the Plus Two Informatics Practices. Project Report entitled “SMS (Student Management System)”, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for final Project submission to the Department of Computer Science of Delhi Public School, Amritsar is an authentic record of my own work carried out during a period from April 2015 to January 2016 under the supervision of Jatinder Singh Randhawa, Technical Head, DPS Amritsar,  

This is to certify that the above statement made by the candidate is correct to the best of my knowledge.

                                                                                                            Signature of Supervisor(s)     

                                                Jatinder Singh Randhawa

                                                                                                            Technical Head,

                                                                                                             DPS Amritsar.                                    

 Page -> 4 and so on.....

Aim of Project:

This project is aimed at developing an application for the Training and Placement Dept. of the college. The system is an application that can be accessed throughout the organization as well with proper login provided. This system can be used as an application for the Centre Head of the college to manage the student information. The proposed system is to make the Centre Information available on system, so that everyone can get information about teachers and students easily. Teachers can easily communicate with the students, and can keep records of every student easily and efficiently. The proposed system could be accessed from any corner of the Centre.

Importance of Project:

Students: This is a separate Module for students.

1. Student can print documents as well.

5. They can view their information.

Administrator: The administrator has the central control over the whole portal.

1. He can access the students and faculties information directly.

2. He will create the student and faculty data which they can later on edit.

3. He can respond to the queries of the faculties.

4. He can post notices which will be accessible to the both the faculties and the students.

5. He will handle the number of students and in case any student or faculty leaves he will edit the record accordingly.

PROFILE OF PROBLEM ASSIGNED

Scope :-

This project has a large scope as it has the following features which help in making it easy to use, understand and modify it:

·         Automation of Student and Teacher Registration

·         No Need to do Paper Work.

·         To save the environment by using paper free work.

·         To increase the accuracy and efficiency of the placement procedure.

·         Management of Student Data.

This software package can be readily used by non-programming personal avoiding human handled chance of error. This project is used by three types of users

·         Students.

·         Teachers.

·         Centre Head.

Main Points are:-

·         Simplified Management of Student Profiles.

·         Simplified Management of Teacher Profiles.

·         Selection Reports.

·         Real-time Information Publishing.

OBJECTIVE OF PROJECT

Our project provides the facility of maintaining the details of the students and details of faculties so that centre head can manage the centre efficiently.

The objectives of the system are-

·         To reduce paperwork.

·         Reduced operational time.

·         Increased accuracy and reliability.

·         Increased operational efficiency.

·         Data security.

This software package can be readily used by non-programming personal avoiding human handled chance of error. This project is used by three types of users

·         Students.

·         Centre Head

·         Teachers

Administrator can create students accounts and see the data.

Centre Head can maintain daily updates in details and print reports according to need. Administrator is must be an authorized user.

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

PRODUCT  DEFINITION:-  Administration is to make an application for Information Technology Department, so that everyone can get information about teachers, students can easily communicate with teachers from anywhere. Teachers can easily communicate with the students, and can keep records of every student easily and efficiently. The proposed system could be accessed from any corner of the Centre on net.

 

PROCESSING ENVIRONMENT:

H/W REQUIRED :-

Processor                                 :                       Pentium III and above

Graphics Card                         :                       Inbuilt with 64MB Memory

Display                                    :                       Color LED,LCD, CRT

S/W REQUIRED:-

·         Java

·         Netbeans

·         MySQL

Front End

CORE JAVA

Introduction to Java Programming

Java is a powerful object-oriented programming language introduced by Sun Microsystems in 1995, which has built-in support to create programs with a graphical user interface (GUI), utilize the Internet, create client-server solutions, and much more. Programs written in Java can run, without change, on any of the common computer operating systems Windows 95/NT, Macintosh, and Unix. A variant of Java programs called applets can be embedded inside a web page and execute on the computer that is viewing the page, automatically and in a secure environment.

As a language, Java is closely related to C++, which is also object-oriented but retains a lot of idiosyncrasies inherited from its predecessor language C. Java has removed the inconsistent elements from C++, is exclusively object-oriented, and can be considered a modern version of C++.[1] Because of its logical structure Java has quickly become a popular choice as a teaching language,[2] and because of its extensive Internet support and the promise of writing programs once and using them on every operating system Java is becoming more and more accepted in industry.

Every Java program must follow these guidelines:

·         Java is case sensitive, i.e. the word Program is different from program.

·         Curly brackets { and } are used to group statements together.

·         An executable Java program must contain at least the following lines as a framework:

public class Name

{  public static void main(String args[])

{  ... program code ... 

}

}

·         Every statement whose next statement is not a separate group must end in a semicolon.

·         A Java program containing the above framework must be saved using the filename Name.java, where Name (including correct upper and lower cases) is the word that follows the keywords public class and the file extension is .java.

·         Java does have disadvantages. For example, programs written in Java are generally slower than those in C++ and it is difficult to accomplish system-level tasks in Java.

·         Java compilers and tools are available for free, an important consideration for academic and student budgets.

Source Code

A Java source code file is a text file that contains programming code written according to the Java language specifications, resembling a mixture of mathematical language and English. A computer cannot execute source code, but humans can read and understand it.

Java source code files should be saved as Name.java, where Name is the name that appears in the first line of the program: public class Name. That Name is referred to as the name of the class, or program. By convention its first letter is capitalized.

Compiling

Compiling is the process of transforming the source code file into a format that the computer can understand and process. The resulting file is called the byte-code, or class, file. The name of the class file is the same as the name of the program plus the extension .class. The program javac from the Java Developer's Kit is used to transform a source code file into a class file.

Executing a Class File

To execute a Java program the Java Developer's Kit provides a program called java. When executing that program with your class file as parameter the following happens:

·         The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) is created inside your computer

·         The JVM locates and reads your class files

·         The JVM inspects your class file for any security violations

·         The JVM executes, or interprets, your class file according to its instructions if possible

Under Windows and Unix, execute a program by typing at the command prompt java Name, where Name is the name of the program (no extension). On a Macintosh, double-click the java icon and select the appropriate class file.

About NetBeans IDE

NetBeans IDE is a free, open source, integrated development environment (IDE) that enables you to develop desktop, mobile and web applications. The IDE supports application development in various languages, including Java, HTML5, PHP and C++. The IDE provides integrated support for the complete development cycle, from project creation through debugging, profiling and deployment. The IDE runs on Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, and other UNIX-based systems.

The IDE provides comprehensive support for JDK 7 technologies and the most recent Java enhancements. It is the first IDE that provides support for JDK 7, Java EE 7, and JavaFX 2. The IDE fully supports Java EE using the latest standards for Java, XML, Web services, and SQL and fully supports the GlassFish Server, the reference implementation of Java EE.

Creating a Project

The first step is to create an IDE project for the application that we are going to develop. We will name our project NumberAddition.

·         Choose File > New Project. Alternatively, you can click the New Project icon in the IDE toolbar.

·         In the Categories pane, select the Java node. In the Projects pane, choose Java Application. Click Next.

·         Type NumberAddition in the Project Name field and specify a path, for example, in your home directory, as the project location.

·         (Optional) Select the Use Dedicated Folder for Storing Libraries checkbox and specify the location for the libraries folder.

·         Deselect the Create Main Class checkbox if it is selected.

·         Click Finish.

Setting Up the Project

To create an IDE project:

·         Start NetBeans IDE.

·         In the IDE, choose File > New Project, as shown in the figure below.

·         In the New Project wizard, expand the Java category and select Java Application as shown in the figure below. Then click Next.

·         In the Name and Location page of the wizard, do the following (as shown in the figure below):

·         In the Project Name field, type HelloWorldApp.

Leave the Use Dedicated Folder for Storing Libraries checkbox unselected.

In the Create Main Class field, type helloworldapp.HelloWorldApp.

·         Click Finish.

·         The project is created and opened in the IDE. You should see the following components:

The Projects window, which contains a tree view of the components of the project, including source files, libraries that your code depends on, and so on.

The Source Editor window with a file called HelloWorldApp open.

The Navigator window, which you can use to quickly navigate between elements within the selected class.

BackEnd

MySQL Database

MySQL is a database management system.

A database is a structured collection of data. It may be anything from a simple shopping list to a picture gallery or the vast amounts of information in a corporate network. To add, access, and process data stored in a computer database, you need a database management system such as MySQL. Since computers are very good at handling large amounts of data, database management plays a central role in computing, as stand-alone utilities, or as parts of other applications.

MySQL is a relational database management system.

A relational database stores data in separate tables rather than putting all the data in one big storeroom. This adds speed and flexibility. The tables are linked by defined relations making it possible to combine data from several tables on request. The SQL part of MySQL stands for "Structured Query Language" - the most common standardized language used to access databases.

MySQL is Open Source Software.

Open Source means that it is possible for anyone to use and modify. Anybody can download MySQL from the Internet and use it without paying anything. Anybody so inclined can study the source code and change it to fit their needs. MySQL uses the GPL (GNU General Public License) to define what you may and may not do with the software in different situations. If you feel uncomfortable with the GPL or need to embed MySQL into a commercial application you can buy a commercially licensed version from us.

Why use MySQL?

MySQL is very fast, reliable, and easy to use. If that is what you are looking for, you should give it a try. MySQL also has a very practical set of features developed in very close cooperation with our users. You can find a performance comparison of MySQL to some other database managers on our benchmark page. MySQL was originally developed to handle very large databases much faster than existing solutions and has been successfully used in highly demanding production environments for several years. Though under constant development, MySQL today offers a rich and very useful set of functions. The connectivity, speed, and security make MySQL highly suited for accessing databases on the Internet.

The technical features of MySQL

For advanced technical information, MySQL is a client/server system that consists of a multi-threaded SQL server that supports different back ends, several different client programs and libraries, administrative tools, and several programming interfaces. We also provide MySQL as a multi-threaded library which you can link into your application to get a smaller, faster, easier to manage product.

The Main Features of MySQL

The following list describes some of the important characteristics of MySQL:

·         Fully multi-threaded using kernel threads. This means it can easily use multiple CPUs if available.

·         C, C++, Eiffel, Java, Perl, PHP, Python.

·         Works on many different platforms.

·         Many column types: signed/unsigned integers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 bytes long, FLOAT, DOUBLE, CHAR, VARCHAR, TEXT, BLOB, DATE, TIME, DATETIME, TIMESTAMP, YEAR, SET, and ENUM types.

·         Full operator and function support in the SELECT and WHERE parts of queries.

·         SQL functions are implemented through a highly optimized class library and should be as fast as possible! Usually there isn't any memory allocation at all after query initialization.

·         ODBC (Open-DataBase-Connectivity) support for Win32 (with source). All ODBC 2.5 functions and many others. For example, you can use MS Access to connect to your MySQL server.

·         Fixed-length and variable-length records.

·         Handles large databases. We are using MySQL with some databases that contain 50,000,000 records and we know of users that uses MySQL with 60,000 tables and about 5,000,000,000 rows

·         All columns have default values. You can use INSERT to insert a subset of a table's columns; those columns that are not explicitly given values are set to their default values.

·         DELETE, INSERT, REPLACE, and UPDATE return the number of rows that were changed (affected). It is possible to return the number of rows matched instead by setting a flag when connecting to the server.

SOLUTION STRATEGY:

Student Module:

Create An profile(Registration):

Create a form where the user can create an enter   the details of academics the profile is  in editable mode.

Edit Profile:

Student can edit his/her profile at any time

Admin Module:

Add Teacher:

           Admin can add teacher to the list of teachers using add teacher module.

Add Student:

Admin can add students. Admin can make any changes in the data

User Management:

In users management section admin can manage the users and teachers password and their types and also can generate reports on the basis of student and teachers.

Report Generation:

In report generation section admin can generate report on the basis of teacher name , student name And admin can also generate the reports of  all the students and teacher in the centre.

PROPOSED SOLUTIONS:

To develop a system that would accomplish the following:-

1. Reduce the paperwork and storage area.

2. Improve the output of operators.

3. Improve accuracy in result.

4. Allow easy navigation through Student data.

5. Manage the man and machine resources efficiently.

6.It has user friendly interface having quick authenticated access to documents.

SYSTEM REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION

A System Requirements Specification (SRS) (also known as a Software Requirements Specification) is a document or set of documentation that describes the features and behavior of a system or software application. It includes a variety of elements that attempts to define the intended functionality required by the customer to satisfy their different users.

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